{"id":21764,"date":"2013-01-28T09:03:28","date_gmt":"2013-01-28T17:03:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/?p=21764"},"modified":"2013-01-28T09:03:28","modified_gmt":"2013-01-28T17:03:28","slug":"pasar-hambre-mejora-la-memoria-estudio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/21764\/pasar-hambre-mejora-la-memoria-estudio.html","title":{"rendered":"Pasar hambre mejora la memoria: estudio"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"El cerebro, el \u00f3rgano regulador central del organismo, tiene prioridad en el suministro energ\u00e9tico (es el \u00f3rgano que m\u00e1s consume). Es tan importante que, ante una situaci\u00f3n de escasez de esa energ\u00eda, se contrae la actividad de los dem\u00e1s \u00f3rganos para garantizar su alimento. <\/p>\n

Durante varios a\u00f1os la ciencia ha tratado de averiguar si el cerebro disminuye su memoria apetitiva ante la falta de alimentos o si \u00e9sta se incrementa. En un reciente estudio, dos equipos de investigaci\u00f3n constataron que, efectivamente el cerebro bloquea la llamada memoria aversiva y da prioridad a la memoria apetitiva. La primera requiere un aprendizaje repetitivo, mientras que la segunda se forma tras una \u00fanica experiencia.<\/p>\n

Los dos equipos, uno en Francia y otro en Jap\u00f3n, hicieron sus experimentos con moscas del vinagre (Drosophila melanogaster), animales habituales en laboratorios de biolog\u00eda del desarrollo, y ambos presentan los resultados de sus trabajos, complementarios, en la revista Science.<\/p>\n

La estrategia cerebral de primar el funcionamiento de un tipo de memoria \u2013 o aprendizaje- sobre otro, en condiciones de flujo m\u00ednimo de energ\u00eda, es perfectamente razonable desde el punto de vista evolutivo, se\u00f1alan los investigadores, porque el aprendizaje puede suponer la diferencia entre la vida y la muerte cuando se trata de competir por recursos escasos, pero cuando llega el hambre, la obtenci\u00f3n de comida es prioritaria frente a la preservaci\u00f3n de propia seguridad.<\/p>\n

Pierre-Yves Pla\u00e7ais y Thomas Preat, del Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica, (CNRS) sometieron a las moscas de los experimentos a condiciones de hambre durante 24 horas y constataron la supresi\u00f3n de la memoria a largo plazo apetitiva (muy costosa en t\u00e9rminos energ\u00e9ticos). Por su parte. Los japoneses, liderados por Yukinori Hirano (Instituto Metropolitano de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas de Tokio) probaron con moscas sometidas a un ayuno no demasiado severo y vieron que ambos tipos de memoria se reforzaban. Pero al endurecer las condiciones de hambre en los experimentos, disminuy\u00f3 la memoria aversiva de las moscas, mientras que se mantuvo activa la capacidad de memoria apetitiva.<\/p>\n

Nota Original: El Pa\u00eds<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"If you made a New Year\u2019s resolution a few weeks ago, you probably decided to get fit or lose weight \u2013 two goals that pretty unavoidably involve a pledge to eat less. Perhaps you\u2019ve stuck with it so far, through some combination of brute will, guilt, and the deployment of winning slogans at spots of greatest temptation. But unless you\u2019re one of the rare successful long-term dieters, your assault on adiposity will be short lived. <\/p>\n

Maybe hunger works more like a balance sheet, telling us how many calories we should seek out, relative to how many we have in the bank. Or perhaps hunger is opportunism, indulged in any case where the expected \u2018taste-payoff\u2019 is high enough.<\/p>\n

In fact, all of these are known and well-studied facets of the drive experienced as hunger, and they all speak to the idea of appetite as a complex regulatory process.<\/p>\n

According to a recent study in PLOS One, however, by Jeffrey Brunstrom and his colleagues, hunger is also a trick of memory. In effect, these scientists argue that the remembrance of meals past can help fill an empty belly.<\/p>\n

What makes this work especially interesting is that it cleanly demarcates a psychologically complex component of hunger. Naturally, we suspect that our thoughts about food must surely play a role in our eating (and overeating) decisions. But nailing these processes down has been trickier than, say, identifying the peptides and hormones that enhance or suppress appetite. By understanding the hunger\u2019s cognitive components better, we might come up with more effective mind hacks to limit overeating.<\/p>\n

Early evidence that memory plays a role in eating came from subjects whose memory was impaired. More specifically, both amnesic rats and people with damage to the hippocampus \u2013 a key structure in memory formation \u2013 tend to eat in short sporadic bouts, rather than in a few concentrated meals. If you put food in front of an amnesic person, they\u2019re almost always game to eat, whether their last large meal was 5 minutes ago, or 5 hours ago. Other evidence for the \u201cmemory for eating\u201d idea comes from memory cueing experiments. If people who are about to eat are given reminders of their previous meal (as opposed to reminders of a meal from long ago), they tend to eat smaller portions. <\/p>\n

Scientific American<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El cerebro, el \u00f3rgano regulador central del organismo, tiene prioridad en el suministro energ\u00e9tico (es el \u00f3rgano que m\u00e1s consume). Es tan importante que, ante una situaci\u00f3n de escasez de esa energ\u00eda, se contrae la actividad de los dem\u00e1s \u00f3rganos para garantizar su alimento. Durante varios a\u00f1os la ciencia ha tratado de averiguar si el cerebro disminuye su memoria apetitiva ante la falta de alimentos o si \u00e9sta se incrementa….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21776,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[29,30,48087],"tags":[7358,2239,7361,7360,48071],"views":446,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21764"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21764"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21764\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21776"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21764"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21764"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21764"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}