{"id":15496,"date":"2012-04-18T21:13:10","date_gmt":"2012-04-19T04:13:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/?p=15496"},"modified":"2012-04-18T21:13:10","modified_gmt":"2012-04-19T04:13:10","slug":"deficit-de-atencion-esta-sobrediagnosticado-estudio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/15496\/deficit-de-atencion-esta-sobrediagnosticado-estudio.html","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9ficit de atenci\u00f3n est\u00e1 sobrediagnosticado: estudio"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Hace tiempo se sospecha que el trastorno por d\u00e9ficit de atenci\u00f3n e hiperactividad (TDAH) est\u00e1 sobrediagnosticado. Ahora una investigaci\u00f3n encontr\u00f3 pruebas que avalan este rumor. <\/p>\n

Los psic\u00f3logos Silvia Schneider y J\u00fcrgen Margraf de Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Alemania) y Katrin Bruchm\u00fcller de la Universidad de Basel (Suiza) realizaron una investigaci\u00f3n que encontr\u00f3 que los psic\u00f3logos y psiquiatras que realizan los diagn\u00f3sticos suelen basarse en reglas poco claras en vez de adherirse al criterio m\u00e9dico establecido. Los especialistas, que publicaron sus conclusiones en la revista Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, afirman que el sobrediagn\u00f3stico es m\u00e1s frecuente en los hombres que en las mujeres.<\/p>\n

Schneider y Bruchm\u00fcller subrayan la escasa investigaci\u00f3n destinada a esclarecer la eficacia del diagn\u00f3stico de TDAH. \u00abA pesar del fuerte inter\u00e9s p\u00fablico, solo unos pocos estudios emp\u00edricos se enfocaron en este tema\u00bb, comentan. En su nueva investigaci\u00f3n, trabajaron con 473 psic\u00f3logos o psiquiatras que, entre otras cosas, se dedicaban a diagnosticar casos posibles de TDAH.<\/p>\n

Los especialistas armaron cuatro casos para que los voluntarios diagnosticaran. En un caso se cumpl\u00eda el criterio diagn\u00f3stico para diagnosticar TDHA pero en el resto no, y los participantes estaban al tanto del sexo del paciente. Schneider, Margraf y Bruchm\u00fcller notaron que los psic\u00f3logos y psiquiatras diagnosticaron muchos casos de esta patolog\u00eda cuando no cumpl\u00eda el criterio, y este error fue mucho m\u00e1s frecuente con los pacientes varones.<\/p>\n

Nota de science20.com
\nYou Knew This: ADD And ADHD Over-Diagnosed<\/p>\n

What the public and even experts suspected is now supported by representative data collected by researchers at Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (RUB) and University of Basel: ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, has been over-diagnosed. New studies show that child and adolescent psychotherapists and psychiatrists have tended to give a diagnosis based on heuristics and unclear rules of thumb rather than adhering to recognized diagnostic criteria. Boys in particular are substantially more often misdiagnosed compared to girls. <\/p>\n

The researchers surveyed altogether 1,000 child and adolescent psychotherapists and psychiatrists across Germany. 473 participated in the study. They received one of four available case vignettes, and were asked to give a diagnoses and a recommendation for therapy. In three out of the four case vignettes, the described symptoms and circumstances did not fulfill ADHD criteria. Only one of the cases fulfilled ADHD criteria based strictly on the valid diagnostic criteria. In addition, the gender of the child was included as a variable resulting in eight different case vignettes. <\/p>\n

Many child and adolescent psychotherapists and psychiatrists seem to proceed heuristically and base their decisions on prototypical symptoms – namely that the prototype is male and shows symptoms such as motoric restlessness, lack of concentration and impulsiveness. In connection with the gender of the patient, these symptoms lead to different diagnoses. A boy with such symptoms, even he does not fulfill the complete set of diagnostic criteria, will receive a diagnosis for ADHD, whereas a girl will not. Also the therapist’s gender plays a role in the diagnostic: male therapists give substantially more frequently a diagnosis for ADHD than their female counterparts<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hace tiempo se sospecha que el trastorno por d\u00e9ficit de atenci\u00f3n e hiperactividad (TDAH) est\u00e1 sobrediagnosticado. Ahora una investigaci\u00f3n encontr\u00f3 pruebas que avalan este rumor. Los psic\u00f3logos Silvia Schneider y J\u00fcrgen Margraf de Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Alemania) y Katrin Bruchm\u00fcller de la Universidad de Basel (Suiza) realizaron una investigaci\u00f3n que encontr\u00f3 que los psic\u00f3logos y psiquiatras que realizan los diagn\u00f3sticos suelen basarse en reglas poco claras en vez de adherirse al…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[29,48087],"tags":[5793,5791,5792],"views":350,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15496"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15496"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15496\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.feeling.com.mx\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}